1 2   -   3H1)  JH3A
 
 'D1  *PDRCN  "JN'*O  'DRCP*N'(P  'DREO(PJFP  ( 1 ) 
 
 ( 'D1)   3(B  'DCD'E  9DI  'D-1HA  'DEB7QN9)  AJ  #HD  3H1)  'D(B1). 
 
 G0G  "J'*  'DC*'(  'D(JQPF  'DH'6-  AJ  E9'FJG  H-D'DG  H-1'EG  HG/'G. 
 
 %PFQN'  #NF2NDRFN'GO  BO1R"F'K  9N1N(PJQ'K  DN9NDQNCOER  *N9RBPDOHFN  ( 2 ) 
 
 %F'  #F2DF'  G0'  'DB1"F  (D:)  'D91(,   D9DCE  - #JG'  'D91(-   *9BDHF  E9'FJG  H*AGEHFG',   H*9EDHF  (G/JG. 
 
 ( 1 / 4 6 7 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 FN-RFO  FNBO5QO  9NDNJRCN  #N-R3NFN  'DRBN5N5P  (PEN'  #NHR-NJRFN'  %PDNJRCN  GN0N'  'DRBO1R"FN  HN%PFR  COF*N  EPFR  BN(RDPGP  DNEPFR  'DR:N'APDPJFN  ( 3 ) 
 
 F-F  FB5QO  9DJC  - #JG'  'D13HD-   #-3F  'DB55  (H-JF'  %DJC  G0'  'DB1"F,   H%F  CF*  B(D  %F2'DG  9DJC  DEF  'D:'ADJF  9F  G0G  'D#.('1,   D'  */1J  9FG'  4J&K'. 
 
 %P0R  BN'DN  JOH3OAO  D#N(PJGP  JN'  #N(N*P  %PFQPJ  1N#NJR*O  #N-N/N  9N4N1N  CNHRCN('K  HN'D4QNER3N  HN'DRBNEN1N  1N#NJR*OGOER  DPJ  3N',P/PJFN  ( 4 ) 
 
 '0C1  - #JG'  'D13HD-   DBHEC  BHD  JH3A  D#(JG:   %FJ  1#J*  AJ  'DEF'E  #-/  941  CHC(K',   H'D4E3  H'DBE1  1#J*GE  DJ  3',/JF.   AC'F*  G0G  'D1$J'  (41I  DPEN'  H5D  %DJG  JH3A  9DJG  'D3D'E  EF  9DHQP  'DEF2D)  AJ  'D/FJ'  H'D".1). 
 
 BN'DN  JN'  (OFNJQN  D'  *NBR5O5R  1O$RJN'CN  9NDNI  %P.RHN*PCN  ANJNCPJ/OH'  DNCN  CNJR/'K  %PFQN  'D4QNJR7N'FN  DPD%PF3N'FP  9N/OHQL  EO(PJFL  ( 5 ) 
 
 %0  B'D  %.H)  JH3A  EF  #(JG  AJE'  (JFGE:   %F  JH3A  H#.'G  'D4BJB  #-(  %DI  #(JF'  EF',   JA6QPDGE'  9DJF',   HF-F  ,E'9)  0HH  9//,   %F  #('F'  DAJ  .7#  (JQPF  -J+  A6QNDGE'  9DJF'  EF  :J1  EH,(  F1'G. 
 
 HNCN0NDPCN  JN,R*N(PJCN  1N(QOCN  HNJO9NDQPEOCN  EPFR  *N#RHPJDP  'D#N-N'/PJ+P  HNJO*PEQO  FP9REN*NGO  9NDNJRCN  HN9NDNI  "DP  JN9RBOH(N  CNEN'  #N*NEQNGN'  9NDNI  #N(NHNJRCN  EPFR  BN(RDO  %P(R1N'GPJEN  HN%P3R-NBN  %PFQN  1N(QNCN  9NDPJEL  -NCPJEL  ( 6 ) 
 
 HCE'  #1'C  1(C  G0G  'D1$J'  AC0DC  J57AJC  HJ9DEC  *A3J1  E'  J1'G  'DF'3  AJ  EF'EGE  EF  'D1$I  EE'  *$HD  %DJG  H'B9K',   HJ*E  F9E*G  9DJC  H9DI  "D  J9BH(  ('DF(H)  H'D13'D),   CE'  #*EG'  EF  B(D  9DI  #(HJC  %(1'GJE  H%3-'B  ('DF(H)  H'D13'D).   %F  1(C  9DJE  (EF  J57AJG  EF  9('/G,   -CJE  AJ  */(J1  #EH1  .DBG. 
 
 DNBN/R  CN'FN  APJ  JOH3OAN  HN%P.RHN*PGP  "JN'*L  DPD3QN'&PDPJFN  ( 7 ) 
 
 DB/  C'F  AJ  B5)  JH3A  H%.H*G  9(1  H#/D)  */D  9DI  B/1)  'DDG  H-CE*G  DEF  J3#D  9F  #.('1GE,   HJ1:(  AJ  E91A*G'. 
 
 ( 1 / 4 6 8 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 %P0R  BN'DOH'  DNJOH3OAO  HN#N.OHGO  #N-N(QO  %PDNI  #N(PJFN'  EPFQN'  HNFN-RFO  9O5R(N)L  %PFQN  #N(N'FN'  DNAPJ  6ND'DM  EO(PJFM  ( 8 ) 
 
 %0  B'D  %.H)  JH3A  EF  #(JG  AJE'  (JFGE:   %F  JH3A  H#.'G  'D4BJB  #-(  %DI  #(JF'  EF',   JA6QPDGE'  9DJF',   HF-F  ,E'9)  0HH  9//,   %F  #('F'  DAJ  .7#  (JQPF  -J+  A6QNDGE'  9DJF'  EF  :J1  EH,(  F1'G. 
 
 'BR*ODOH'  JOH3OAN  #NHR  '7R1N-OHGO  #N1R6'K  JN.RDO  DNCOER  HN,RGO  #N(PJCOER  HN*NCOHFOH'  EPFR  (N9R/PGP  BNHRE'K  5N'DP-PJFN  ( 9 ) 
 
 'B*DH'  JH3A  #H  #DBH'  (G  AJ  #16  E,GHD)  (9J/)  9F  'D9OE1'F  J.DO5  DCE  -(  #(JCE  H%B('DG  9DJCE,   HD'  JD*A*  9FCE  %DI  :J1CE,   H*CHFH'  EPFR  (9/  BN*RD  JH3A  #H  %(9'/G  *'&(JF  %DI  'DDG,   E3*:A1JF  DG  EF  (9/  0F(CE. 
 
 BN'DN  BN'&PDL  EPFRGOER  D'  *NBR*ODOH'  JOH3OAN  HN#NDRBOHGO  APJ  :NJN'(N)P  'DR,O(QP  JNDR*NBP7RGO  (N9R6O  'D3QNJQN'1N)P  %PFR  COF*OER  AN'9PDPJFN  ( 1 0 ) 
 
 B'D  B'&D  EF  %.H)  JH3A:   D'  *B*DH'  JH3A  H#DBHG  AJ  ,HA  'D(&1  JD*B7G  (96  'DE'1QN)  EF  'DE3'A1JF  A*3*1J-H'  EFG,   HD'  -',)  %DI  B*DG,   %F  CF*E  9'2EJF  9DI  A9D  E'  *BHDHF. 
 
 BN'DOH'  JN'  #N(N'FN'  EN'  DNCN  D'  *N#RENFQN'  9NDNI  JOH3OAN  HN%PFQN'  DNGO  DNFN'5P-OHFN  ( 1 1 ) 
 
 B'D  %.H)  JH3A  - (9/  '*A'BGE  9DI  %(9'/G- :   J'  #('F'  E'  DC  D'  *,9DF'  #EF'!  9DI  JH3A  E9  #FG  #.HF',   HF-F  F1J/  DG  'D.J1  HF4AB  9DJG  HF19'G,   HF.5G  (.'D5  'DF5-
 
 #N1R3PDRGO  EN9NFN'  :N/'K  JN1R*N9R  HNJNDR9N(R  HN%PFQN'  DNGO  DN-N'AP8OHFN  ( 1 2 ) 
 
 #13DG  E9F'  :/K'  9F/E'  F.1,  %DI  E1'9JF'  JN3R9N  HJF47  HJA1-,   HJD9(  ('D'3*('B  HF-HG  EF  'DD9(  'DE('-,   H%F'  D-'A8HF  DG  EF  CD  E'  *.'A  9DJG. 
 
 BN'DN  %PFQPJ  DNJN-R2OFOFPJ  #NFR  *N0RGN(OH'  (PGP  HN#N.N'AO  #NFR  JN#RCODNGO  'D0QP&R(O  HN#NFR*OER  9NFRGO  :N'APDOHFN  ( 1 3 ) 
 
 B'D  J9BH(:   %FJ  DNJ$DE  FA3J  EA'1B*G  DJ  %0'  0G(*E  (G  %DI  'DE1'9J,   H#.4I  #F  J#CDG  'D0&(,   H#F*E  9FG  :'ADHF  EF4:DHF. 
 
 ( 1 / 4 6 9 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 BN'DOH'  DN&PFR  #NCNDNGO  'D0QP&R(O  HNFN-RFO  9O5R(N)L  %PFQN'  %P0'K  DN.N'3P1OHFN  ( 1 4 ) 
 
 B'D  %.H)  JH3A  DH'D/GE:   D&F  #CDG  'D0&(,   HF-F  ,E'9)  BHJ)  %F'  %0K'  D.'31HF,   D'  .J1  AJF',   HD'  FA9  JO1R,NI  EF'. 
 
 ANDNEQN'  0NGN(OH'  (PGP  HN#N,REN9OH'  #NFR  JN,R9NDOHGO  APJ  :NJN'(N)P  'DR,O(QP  HN#NHR-NJRFN'  %PDNJRGP  DN*OFN(QP&NFQNGOER  (P#NER1PGPER  GN0N'  HNGOER  D'  JN4R9O1OHFN  ( 1 5 ) 
 
 A#1R3NDNGO  E9GE.   ADE'  0G(H'  (G  H#,E9H'  9DI  %DB'&G  AJ  ,HA  'D(&1,   H#H-JF'  %DI  JH3A  D*.(1FQN  %.H*C  E3*B(D'  (A9DGE  G0'  'D0J  A9DHG  (C,   HGE  D'  JO-P3QOHF  (0DC  'D#E1  HD'  J491HF  (G. 
 
 HN,N'!OH'  #N(N'GOER  9P4N'!K  JN(RCOHFN  ( 1 6 ) 
 
 H,'!  %.H)  JH3A  %DI  #(JGE  AJ  HB*  'D9P4'!  EF  #HD  'DDJD,   J(CHF  HJ8G1HF  'D#3A  H'D,29. 
 
 BN'DOH'  JN'  #N(N'FN'  %PFQN'  0NGN(RFN'  FN3R*N(PBO  HN*N1NCRFN'  JOH3OAN  9PFR/N  EN*N'9PFN'  AN#NCNDNGO  'D0QP&R(O  HNEN'  #NFR*N  (PEO$REPFM  DNFN'  HNDNHR  COFQN'  5N'/PBPJFN  ( 1 7 ) 
 
 B'DH':   J'  #('F'  %F'  0G(F'  F*3'(B  AJ  'D,N1RJ  H'D1EJ  ('D3G'E,   H*1CF'  JH3A  9F/  2'/F'  H+J'(F',   ADE  FB5QP1  AJ  -A8G,   (D  *1CF'G  AJ  E#EFF',   HE'  A'1BF'G  %D'  HB*K'  J3J1K',   A#CDG  'D0&(,   HE'  #F*  (E5/QPB  DF'  HDH  CF'  EH5HAJF  ('D5/B;   D4/)  -(C  DJH3A. 
 
 HN,N'!OH'  9NDNI  BNEPJ5PGP  (P/NEM  CN0P(M  BN'DN  (NDR  3NHQNDN*R  DNCOER  #NFAO3OCOER  #NER1'K  AN5N(R1L  ,NEPJDL  HN'DDQNGO  'DREO3R*N9N'FO  9NDNI  EN'  *N5PAOHFN  ( 1 8 ) 
 
 H,'$H'  (BEJ5G  ED7.K'  (/E  :J1  /E  JH3A;   DJ4G/  9DI  5/BGE,   AC'F  /DJD'  9DI  C0(GE;   D#F  'DBEJ5  DE  JOEN2QNBR.   AB'D  DGE  #(HGE  J9BH(  9DJG  'D3D'E:   E'  'D#E1  CE'  *BHDHF,   (D  2JQNF*  DCE  #FA3CE  'D#EQN'1)  ('D3H!  #E1K'  B(J-K'  AJ  JH3A,   A1#J*EHG  -3FK'  HA9D*EHG,   A5(1J  5(1  ,EJD  D'  4CHI  E9G  D#-/  EF  'D.DB,   H#3*9JF  ('DDG  9DI  '-*E'D  E'  *5AHF  EF  'DC0(,   D'  9DI  -HDJ  HBH*J. 
 
 ( 1 / 4 7 0 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 HN,N'!N*R  3NJQN'1N)L  AN#N1R3NDOH'  HN'1P/NGOER  AN#N/RDNI  /NDRHNGO  BN'DN  JN'  (O4R1NI  GN0N'  :OD'EL  HN#N3N1QOHGO  (P6N'9N)K  HN'DDQNGO  9NDPJEL  (PEN'  JN9RENDOHFN  ( 1 9 ) 
 
 H,'!*  ,E'9)  EF  'DE3'A1JF,   A#13DH'  ENF  J7D(  DGE  'DE'!,   ADE'  #13D  /DHG  AJ  'D(&1  *9DQNB  (G'  JH3A,   AB'D  H'1/GE:   J'  (41'J  G0'  :D'E  FAJ3,   H#.AI  'DH'1/O  H#5-'(G  JH3AN  EF  (BJ)  'DE3'A1JF  ADE  J8G1HG  DGE,   HB'DH':   %F  G0G  (6'9)  '3*(69F'G',   H'DDG  9DJE  (E'  J9EDHFG  (JH3A. 
 
 HN4N1NHRGO  (P+NENFM  (N.R3M  /N1N'GPEN  EN9R/OH/N)M  HNCN'FOH'  APJGP  EPFR  'D2QN'GP/PJFN  ( 2 0 ) 
 
 H('9G  %.H*G  DDH'1/JF  EF  'DE3'A1JF  (+EF  BDJD  EF  'D/1'GE,   HC'FH'  2'G/JF  AJG  1':(JF  AJ  'D*.D5  EFG;   H0DC  #FGE  D'  J9DEHF  EF2D*G  9F/  'DDG. 
 
 HNBN'DN  'DQN0PJ  '4R*N1N'GO  EPFR  EP5R1N  D'ER1N#N*PGP  #NCR1PEPJ  EN+RHN'GO  9N3NI  #NFR  JNFAN9NFN'  #NHR  FN*QN.P0NGO  HNDN/'K  HNCN0NDPCN  ENCQNFQN'  DPJOH3OAN  APJ  'D#N1R6P  HNDPFO9NDQPENGO  EPFR  *N#RHPJDP  'D#N-N'/PJ+P  HN'DDQNGO  :N'DP(L  9NDNI  #NER1PGP  HNDNCPFQN  #NCR+N1N  'DFQN'3P  D'  JN9RDNEOHFN  ( 2 1 ) 
 
 HDE'  0G(  'DE3'A1HF  (JH3A  %DI  " E51"   '4*1'G  EFGE  92J2G',   HGH  'DH2J1,   HB'D  D'E1#*G:   #-3FJ  E9'ED*G,   H',9DJ  EB'EG  9F/F'  C1JEK',   D9DF'  F3*AJ/  EF  ./E*G,   #H  FBJEG  9F/F'  EB'E  'DHD/,   HCE'  #F,JF'  JH3A  H,9DF'  92J2  " E51"   JN9R7PA  9DJG,   AC0DC  ECFQN'  DG  AJ  #16  " E51" ,   H,9DF'G  9DI  .2'&FG',   HDF9DQPEG  *A3J1  'D1$I  AJ91A  EFG'  E'  3JB9  E3*B(D'.   H'DDG  :'D(  9DI  #E1G,   A-CEG  F'A0  D'  J(7DG  E(7D,   HDCF  #C+1  'DF'3  D'  J9DEHF  #F  'D#E1  CDG  (J/  'DDG. 
 
 HNDNEQN'  (NDN:N  #N4O/QNGO  "*NJRFN'GO  -OCRE'K  HN9PDRE'K  HNCN0NDPCN  FN,R2PJ  'DREO-R3PFPJFN  ( 2 2 ) 
 
 ( 1 / 4 7 1 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 HDE'  (D:  JH3A  EF*GI  BH*G  AJ  4('(G  #97JF'G  AGEK'  H9DEK',   HE+D  G0'  'D,2'!  'D0J  ,2JF'  (G  JH3A  9DI  %-3'FG  F,2J  'DE-3FJF  9DI  %-3'FGE.   HAJ  G0'  *3DJ)  DD13HD  5DI  'DDG  9DJG  H3DE. 
 
 HN1N'HN/N*RGO  'DQN*PJ  GOHN  APJ  (NJR*PGN'  9NFR  FNAR3PGP  HN:NDQNBN*R  'D#N(RHN'(N  HNBN'DN*R  GNJR*N  DNCN  BN'DN  EN9N'0N  'DDQNGP  %PFQNGO  1N(QPJ  #N-R3NFN  EN+RHN'JN  %PFQNGO  D'  JOARDP-O  'D8QN'DPEOHFN  ( 2 3 ) 
 
 H/9*  'E1#)  'D92J2  - (1AB  HDJF-   JH3A  'D0J  GH  AJ  (J*G'  %DI  FA3G';   D-(G'  'D4/J/  DG  H-3F  (G'&G,   H:DQNB*  'D#(H'(  9DJG'  H9DI  JH3A,   HB'D*:   GDEQN  %DJQN,   AB'D:   E9'0  'DDG  #9*5E  (G,   H#3*,J1  EPF  'D0J  */9JFFJ  %DJG,   EF  .J'F)  3J/J  'D0J  #-3F  EF2D*J  H#C1EFJ  AD'  #.HFG  AJ  #GDG,   %FG  D'  JAD-  ENF  8NDNE  ANAN9D  E'  DJ3  DG  A9DG. 
 
 HNDNBN/R  GNEQN*R  (PGP  HNGNEQN  (PGN'  DNHRD'  #NFR  1N#NI  (O1RGN'FN  1N(QPGP  CN0NDPCN  DPFN5R1PAN  9NFRGO  'D3QOH!N  HN'DRAN-R4N'!N  %PFQNGO  EPFR  9P(N'/PFN'  'DREO.RDN5PJFN  ( 2 4 ) 
 
 HDB/  E'D*  FA3G'  DA9D  'DA'-4),   H-/QN+*  JH3AN  FA3OG  -/J+  .71'*  DD'3*,'(),   DHD'  #F  1#I  "J)  EF  "J'*  1(G  *2,1G  9EQN'  -/+*G  (G  FA3G,   H%FE'  #1JF'G  0DC;   DF/A9  9FG  'D3H!  H'DA'-4)  AJ  ,EJ9  #EH1G,   %FG  EF  9('/F'  'DE7G1JF  'DE57ANJF  DD13'D)  'D0JF  #.D5H'  AJ  9('/*GE  DDG  H*H-J/G. 
 
 HN'3R*N(NBN'  'DR(N'(N  HNBN/QN*R  BNEPJ5NGO  EPFR  /O(O1M  HN#NDRANJN'  3NJQP/NGN'  DN/NI  'DR(N'(P  BN'DN*R  EN'  ,N2N'!O  ENFR  #N1N'/N  (P#NGRDPCN  3OH!'K  %PD'QN  #NFR  JO3R,NFN  #NHR  9N0N'(L  #NDPJEL  ( 2 5 ) 
 
 H#319  JH3A  %DI  'D('(  J1J/  'D.1H,,   H#319*  *-'HD  'D%E3'C  (G,   H,0(*  BEJ5G  EF  .DAG;   D*-HD  (JFG  H(JF  'D.1H,  A4BQN*G,   HH,/'  2H,G'  9F/  'D('(  AB'D*:   E'  ,2'!  ENF  #1'/  ('E1#*C  A'-4)  %D'  #F  J3,F  #H  J90(  'D90'(  'DEH,9. 
 
 ( 1 / 4 7 2 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 BN'DN  GPJN  1N'HN/N*RFPJ  9NFR  FNAR3PJ  HN4NGP/N  4N'GP/L  EPFR  #NGRDPGN'  %PFR  CN'FN  BNEPJ5OGO  BO/QN  EPFR  BO(ODM  AN5N/NBN*R  HNGOHN  EPFR  'DRCN'0P(PJFN  ( 2 6 ) 
 
 B'D  JH3A:   GJ  'D*J  7D(*  EFJ  0DC,   A4G/  5(J  AJ  'DEG/  EPF  #GDG'  AB'D:   %F  C'F  BEJ5G  4OBQN  EF  'D#E'E  A5/B*  AJ  '*QPG'EG'  DG,   HGH  EF  'DC'0(JF. 
 
 HN%PFR  CN'FN  BNEPJ5OGO  BO/QN  EPFR  /O(O1M  ANCN0N(N*R  HNGOHN  EPFR  'D5QN'/PBPJFN  ( 2 7 ) 
 
 H%F  C'F  BEJ5G  4OBQN  EF  'D.DA  AC0(*  AJ  BHDG',   HGH  EF  'D5'/BJF. 
 
 ANDNEQN'  1N#NI  BNEPJ5NGO  BO/QN  EPFR  /O(O1M  BN'DN  %PFQNGO  EPFR  CNJR/PCOFQN  %PFQN  CNJR/NCOFQN  9N8PJEL  ( 2 8 ) 
 
 ADE'  1#I  'D2H,  BEJ5  JH3A  4OBQN  EF  .DAG  9DE  (1'!)  JH3A,   HB'D  D2H,*G:   %F  G0'  'DC0(  'D0J  '*GE*P  (G  G0'  'D4'(  GH  EPF  ,ED)  EC1CF  - #J*G'  'DF3'!- ,   %FQN  EC1CF  98JE. 
 
 JOH3OAO  #N9R1P6R  9NFR  GN0N'  HN'3R*N:RAP1PJ  DP0NFR(PCP  %PFQNCP  COF*P  EPFR  'DR.N'7P&PJFN  ( 2 9 ) 
 
 B'D  92J2  " E51" :   J'  JH3A  '*1C  0PCR1  E'  C'F  EFG'  AD'  *0C1G  D#-/,   H'7D(J  - #J*G'  'DE1#)-   'DE:A1)  D0F(C  %FC  CF*P  EF  'D"+EJF  AJ  E1'H/)  JH3A  9F  FA3G,   HAJ  'A*1'&C  9DJG. 
 
 HNBN'DN  FP3RHN)L  APJ  'DREN/PJFN)P  'ER1N#N)O  'DR9N2PJ2P  *O1N'HP/O  AN*N'GN'  9NFR  FNAR3PGP  BN/R  4N:NANGN'  -O(Q'K  %PFQN'  DNFN1N'GN'  APJ  6ND'DM  EO(PJFM  ( 3 0 ) 
 
 HH5D  'D.(1  %DI  F3H)  AJ  'DE/JF)  A*-/+F  (G,   HBDF  EFC1'*  9DI  'E1#)  'D92J2:   'E1#)  'D92J2  *-'HD  :D'EG'  9F  FA3G,   H*/9HG  %DI  FA3G',   HB/  (D:  -(G'  DG  4N:N'A  BD(G'  ( HGH  :D'AG) ,   %F'  DNF1'G'  AJ  G0'  'DA9D  DAJ  6D'D  H'6-. 
 
 ( 1 / 4 7 3 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 ANDNEQN'  3NEP9N*R  (PENCR1PGPFQN  #N1R3NDN*R  %PDNJRGPFQN  HN#N9R*N/N*R  DNGOFQN  EO*QNCN#K  HN"*N*R  CODQN  HN'-P/N)M  EPFRGOFQN  3PCQPJF'K  HNBN'DN*R  '.R1O,R  9NDNJRGPFQN  ANDNEQN'  1N#NJRFNGO  #NCR(N1RFNGO  HNBN7QN9RFN  #NJR/PJNGOFQN  HNBODRFN  -N'4N  DPDQNGP  EN'  GN0N'  (N4N1'K  %PFR  GN0N'  %PD'QN  ENDNCL  CN1PJEL  ( 3 1 ) 
 
 ADE'  3E9*  'E1#)  'D92J2  (:PJR(*GF  %J'G'  H'-*J'DGF  AJ  0EQPG',   #13D*  %DJGF  */9HGF  D2J'1*G',   HGJQN#*  DGF  E'  J*C&F  9DJG  EF  'DH3'&/,   HE'  J#CDFG  EF  'D79'E,   H#97*  CD  H'-/)  EFGF  3CJFK'  DJOBN7QP9F  'D79'E,   +E  B'D*  DJH3A:   '.1,  9DJGF,   ADE'  1#JFG  #98EFG  H#,DDFG,   H#.N0NGF  -3FG  H,E'DG,   A,1-F  #J/JGF  HGF  JOBN7QP9F  'D79'E  EF  A17  'D/G4)  H'D0GHD,   HBDF  E*9,('*:   E9'0  'DDG,   E'  G0'  EF  ,F3  'D(41;   D#F  ,E'DG  :J1  E9GH/  AJ  'D(41,   E'  GH  %D'  ENDNC  C1JE  EF  'DED'&C). 
 
 BN'DN*R  AN0NDPCOFQN  'DQN0PJ  DOER*OFQNFPJ  APJGP  HNDNBN/R  1N'HN/*QOGO  9NFR  FNAR3PGP  AN'3R*N9R5NEN  HNDN&PFR  DNER  JNAR9NDR  EN'  "EO1OGO  DNJO3R,NFNFQN  HNDNJNCOHFN  EPFN  'D5QN':P1PJFN  ( 3 2 ) 
 
 B'D*  'E1#)  'D92J2  DDF3H)  'DD'*J  B7QN9F  #J/JGF:   AG0'  'D0J  #5'(CF  AJ  1$J*CF  %J'G  E'  #5'(CF  GH  'DA*I  'D0J  DOE*OFQNFJ  AJ  'D'A**'F  (G,   HDB/  7D(*G  H-'HD*  %:1'!G;   DJ3*,J(  DJ  A'E*F9  H#(I,   HD&F  DE  JA9D  E'  "E1G  (G  E3*B(D'  DNJ9'BN(NFQN  (/.HD  'D3,F,   HDNJCHFF  EF  'D#0D'!. 
 
 BN'DN  1N(QP  'D3QP,RFO  #N-N(QO  %PDNJQN  EPEQN'  JN/R9OHFNFPJ  %PDNJRGP  HN%PD'QN  *N5R1PAR  9NFQPJ  CNJR/NGOFQN  #N5R(O  %PDNJRGPFQN  HN#NCOFR  EPFR  'DR,N'GPDPJFN  ( 3 3 ) 
 
 B'D  JH3A  E3*9J0K'  EPF  41GF  HEC1GF:   J'  1(QP  'D3,FO  #-(  %DJQN  EE'  J/9HFFJ  %DJG  EF  9ED  'DA'-4),   H%F  DE  */A9  9FJ  EC1GF  #NEPDR  %DJGF,   H#CF  EF  'D3AG'!  'D0JF  J1*C(HF  'D%+E  D,GDGE. 
 
 AN'3R*N,N'(N  DNGO  1N(QOGO  AN5N1NAN  9NFRGO  CNJR/NGOFQN  %PFQNGO  GOHN  'D3QNEPJ9O  'DR9NDPJEO  ( 3 4 ) 
 
 ( 1 / 4 7 4 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 A'3*,'(  'DDG  DJH3A  /9'!G  A51A  9FG  E'  #1'/*  EFG  'E1#)  'D92J2  H5H'-('*G'  EF  E95J)  'DDG.   %F  'DDG  GH  'D3EJ9  D/9'!  JH3A,   H/9'!  CD  /'9  EPF  .DBG,   'D9DJE  (E7D(G  H-',*G  HE'  J5D-G,   H(-',)  ,EJ9  .DBG  HE'  J5D-GE. 
 
 +OEQN  (N/N'  DNGOER  EPFR  (N9R/P  EN'  1N#NHR'  'D"JN'*P  DNJN3R,OFOFQNGO  -N*QNI  -PJFM  ( 3 5 ) 
 
 +E  8G1  DD92J2  H#5-'(G  - EF  (9/  E'  1#H'  'D#/D)  9DI  (1'!)  JH3A  H9A*G-   #F  J3,FHG  %DI  2EF  J7HD  #H  JB51;   EF9K'  DDA6J-). 
 
 HN/N.NDN  EN9NGO  'D3QP,RFN  AN*NJN'FP  BN'DN  #N-N/OGOEN'  %PFQPJ  #N1N'FPJ  #N9R5P1O  .NER1'K  HNBN'DN  'D".N1O  %PFQPJ  #N1N'FPJ  #N-REPDO  ANHRBN  1N#R3PJ  .O(R2'K  *N#RCODO  'D7QNJR1O  EPFRGO  FN(QP&RFN'  (P*N#RHPJDPGP  %PFQN'  FN1N'CN  EPFR  'DREO-R3PFPJFN  ( 3 6 ) 
 
 H/.D  'D3,F  E9  JH3A  AN*NJ'F,   B'D  #-/GE':   %FJ  1#J*  AJ  'DEF'E  #FJ  #951  9F(K'  DJ5J1  .E1K',   HB'D  'D".1:   %FJ  1#J*  #FJ  #-ED  AHB  1#3J  .(2K'  *#CD  'D7J1  EFG,   #.(1F'  - J'  JH3A  - (*A3J1  E'  1#JF',   %F'  F1'C  EF  'D0JF  J-3FHF  AJ  9('/*GE  DDG,   HE9'ED*GE  D.DBG. 
 
 BN'DN  D'  JN#R*PJCOEN'  7N9N'EL  *O1R2NBN'FPGP  %PD'QN  FN(QN#R*OCOEN'  (P*N#RHPJDPGP  BN(RDN  #NFR  JN#R*PJNCOEN'  0NDPCOEN'  EPEQN'  9NDQNENFPJ  1N(QPJ  %PFQPJ  *N1NCR*O  EPDQN)N  BNHREM  D'  JO$REPFOHFN  (P'DDQNGP  HNGOER  (P'D".P1N)P  GOER  CN'AP1OHFN  ( 3 7 ) 
 
 B'D  DGE'  JH3A:   D'  J#*JCE'  79'E  *12B'FG  AJ  -'D  EF  'D#-H'D  %D'  #.(1*CE'  (*A3J1G  B(D  #F  J#*JCE',   0DCE'  'D*9(J1  'D0J  3#9(QP1G  DCE'  EE'  9DQNEFJ  1(J;   %FJ  "EF*  (G,   H#.D5*  DG  'D9('/),   H'(*9/*  9F  /JF  BHE  D'  J$EFHF  ('DDG,   HGE  ('D(9+  H'D-3'(  ,'-/HF. 
 
 HN'*QN(N9R*O  EPDQN)N  "(N'&PJ  %P(R1N'GPJEN  HN%P3R-NBN  HNJN9RBOH(N  EN'  CN'FN  DNFN'  #NFR  FO4R1PCN  (P'DDQNGP  EPFR  4NJR!M  0NDPCN  EPFR  AN6RDP  'DDQNGP  9NDNJRFN'  HN9NDNI  'DFQN'3P  HNDNCPFQN  #NCR+N1N  'DFQN'3P  D'  JN4RCO1OHFN  ( 3 8 ) 
 
 ( 1 / 4 7 5 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 H'*(9*  /JF  "('&J  %(1'GJE  H%3-'B  HJ9BH(  A9(/*  'DDG  H-/G,   E'  C'F  DF'  #F  F,9D  DDG  41JCK'  AJ  9('/*G,   0DC  'D*H-J/  (%A1'/  'DDG  ('D9('/),   EE'  *A6D  'DDG  (G  9DJF'  H9DI  'DF'3,   HDCF  #C+1  'DF'3  D'  J4C1HF  'DDG  9DI  F9E)  'D*H-J/  H'D%JE'F. 
 
 JN'  5N'-P(NJP  'D3QP,RFP  #N#N1R(N'(L  EO*NAN1QPBOHFN  .NJR1L  #NER  'DDQNGO  'DRHN'-P/O  'DRBNGQN'1O  ( 3 9 ) 
 
 HB'D  JH3A  DDAN*NJJF  'DD0JF  E9G  AJ  'D3,F:   #9('/)O  "DG)M  E.DHB)  4*I  .J1  #E  9('/)  'DDG  'DH'-/  'DBG'1
 
 EN'  *N9R(O/OHFN  EPFR  /OHFPGP  %PD'QN  #N3REN'!K  3NEQNJR*OEOHGN'  #NFR*OER  HN"(N'$OCOER  EN'  #NF2NDN  'DDQNGO  (PGN'  EPFR  3ODR7N'FM  %PFR  'DR-OCREO  %PD'QN  DPDQNGP  #NEN1N  #ND'QN  *N9R(O/OH'  %PD'QN  %PJQN'GO  0NDPCN  'D/QPJFO  'DRBNJQPEO  HNDNCPFQN  #NCR+N1N  'DFQN'3P  D'  JN9RDNEOHFN  ( 4 0 ) 
 
 E'  *9(/HF  EF  /HF  'DDG  %D'  #3E'!K  D'  E9'FJ  H1'!G',   ,9D*EHG'  #F*E  H"('$CE  #1('(K'  ,GD'  EFCE  H6D'D'  E'  #F2D  'DDG  EF  -,)  #H  (1G'F  9DI  5-*G',   E'  'D-CE  'D-B  %D'  DDG  *9'DI  H-/G,   D'  41JC  DG,   #E1  #D'  *FB'/H'  HD'  *.69H'  D:J1G,   H#F  *9(/HG  H-/G,   HG0'  GH  'D/JF  'DBJE  'D0J  D'  9H,  AJG,   HDCF  #C+1  'DF'3  J,GDHF  0DC,   AD'  J9DEHF  -BJB*G. 
 
 JN'  5N'-P(NJP  'D3QP,RFP  #NEQN'  #N-N/OCOEN'  ANJN3RBPJ  1N(QNGO  .NER1'K  HN#NEQN'  'D".N1O  ANJO5RDN(O  AN*N#RCODO  'D7QNJR1O  EPFR  1N#R3PGP  BO6PJN  'D#NER1O  'DQN0PJ  APJGP  *N3R*NAR*PJN'FP  ( 4 1 ) 
 
 J'  5'-(JQN  AJ  'D3,F,   %DJCE'  *A3J1N  1$J'CE':   #E'  'D0J  1#I  #FG  J951  'D9F(  AJ  1$J'G  A%FG  J.1,  EF  'D3,F  HJCHF  3'BJ  'D.E1  DDEDC,   H#E'  'D".1  'D0J  1#I  #FG  J-ED  9DI  1#3G  .(2K'  A%FG  JO5RD(  HJO*R1C,   H*#CD  'D7J1  EF  1#3G,   BO6J  'D#E1  'D0J  AJG  *3*A*J'F  HAO1:  EFG. 
 
 HNBN'DN  DPDQN0PJ  8NFQN  #NFQNGO  FN',M  EPFRGOEN'  '0RCO1RFPJ  9PFR/N  1N(QPCN  AN#NF3N'GO  'D4QNJR7N'FO  0PCR1N  1N(QPGP  ANDN(P+N  APJ  'D3QP,RFP  (P6R9N  3PFPJFN  ( 4 2 ) 
 
 ( 1 / 4 7 6 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 HB'D  JH3A  DD0J  9DE  #FG  F',M  EF  5'-(JG:   '0C1FJ  9F/  3JQP/C  'DEDC  H#.(1G  (#FJ  E8DHE  E-(H3  (D'  0F(,   A#F3I  'D4J7'F  0DC  'D1,D  #F  J0C1  DDEDC  -'D  JH3A,   AEC+  JH3A  (9/  0DC  AJ  'D3,F  9/)  3FH'*. 
 
 HNBN'DN  'DRENDPCO  %PFQPJ  #N1NI  3N(R9N  (NBN1N'*M  3PEN'FM  JN#RCODOGOFQN  3N(R9L  9P,N'AL  HN3N(R9N  3OFR(OD'*M  .O6R1M  HN#O.N1N  JN'(P3N'*M  JN'  #NJQOGN'  'DREND#  #NAR*OHFPJ  APJ  1O$RJN'J  %PFR  COF*OER  DPD1QO$RJN'  *N9R(O1OHFN  ( 4 3 ) 
 
 HB'D  'DEDC:   %FJ  1#J*  AJ  EF'EJ  3(9  (B1'*  3E'F,   J#CDGF  3(9  (B1'*  F-JD'*  EF  'DGO2'D,   H1#J*  3(9  3F(D'*  .61,   H3(9  3F(D'*  J'(3'*,   J'  #JG'  'D3'/)  H'DC(1'!  #.(1HFJ  9F  G0G  'D1$J',   %F  CF*E  DD1$J'  *OAN3QP1HF. 
 
 BN'DOH'  #N6R:N'+O  #N-RD'EM  HNEN'  FN-RFO  (P*N#RHPJDP  'D#N-RD'EP  (P9N'DPEPJFN  ( 4 4 ) 
 
 B'DH':   1$J'C  G0G  #.D'7  #-D'E  D'  *#HJD  DG',   HE'  F-F  (*A3J1  'D#-D'E  (9'DEJF. 
 
 HNBN'DN  'DQN0PJ  FN,N'  EPFRGOEN'  HN'P/QNCN1N  (N9R/N  #OEQN)M  #NFN'  #OFN(QP&OCOER  (P*N#RHPJDPGP  AN#N1R3PDOHFP  ( 4 5 ) 
 
 HB'D  'D0J  F,'  EF  'DB*D  EF  5'-(NJ  JH3A  AJ  'D3,F  H*0C1  (9/  E/)  E'  F3J  EF  #E1  JH3A:   #F'  #.(1CE  (*#HJD  G0G  'D1$J',   A'(9+HFJ  %DI  JH3A  D"*JCE  (*A3J1G'. 
 
 JOH3OAO  #NJQOGN'  'D5QP/QPJBO  #NAR*PFN'  APJ  3N(R9P  (NBN1N'*M  3PEN'FM  JN#RCODOGOFQN  3N(R9L  9P,N'AL  HN3N(R9P  3OFR(OD'*M  .O6R1M  HN#O.N1N  JN'(P3N'*M  DN9NDQPJ  #N1R,P9O  %PDNI  'DFQN'3P  DN9NDQNGOER  JN9RDNEOHFN  ( 4 6 ) 
 
 H9F/E'  H5D  'D1,D  %DI  JH3A  B'D  DG:   JH3A  #JG'  'D5/JB  A3QP1  DF'  1$J'  ENF  1#I  3(9  (B1'*  3E'F  J#CDGF  3(9  (B1'*  G2JD'*,   H1#I  3(9  3F(D'*  .61  H#.1  J'(3'*;   D9DJ  #1,9  %DI  'DEDC  H#5-'(G  A#.(1GE;   DJ9DEH'  *#HJD  E'  3#D*C  9FG,   HDJ9DEH'  EC'F*C  HA6DC. 
 
 BN'DN  *N2R1N9OHFN  3N(R9N  3PFPJFN  /N#N('K  ANEN'  -N5N/R*OER  AN0N1OHGO  APJ  3OFR(ODPGP  %PD'QN  BNDPJD'K  EPEQN'  *N#RCODOHFN  ( 4 7 ) 
 
 ( 1 / 4 7 7 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 B'D  JH3A  D3'&DG  9F  1$J'  'DEDC:   *A3J1  G0G  'D1$J'  #FCE  *219HF  3(9  3FJF  E**'(9)  ,'/QPJF  DJNCR+O1  'D97'!,   AE'  -5/*E  EFG  AJ  CD  E1)  A'/QN.P1HG,   H'*1CHG  AJ  3F(DG;   DJ*EQN  -A8G  EF  'D*3HQO3,   HDJCHF  #(BI,   %D'  BDJD'  EE'  *#CDHFG  EF  'D-(H(. 
 
 +OEQN  JN#R*PJ  EPFR  (N9R/P  0NDPCN  3N(R9L  4P/N'/L  JN#RCODRFN  EN'  BN/QNER*OER  DNGOFQN  %PD'QN  BNDPJD'K  EPEQN'  *O-R5PFOHFN  ( 4 8 ) 
 
 +E  J#*J  (9/  G0G  'D3FJF  'D.P5R()  3(9  3FJF  4/J/)  'D,N/R(,   J#CD  #GDG'  CD  E'  '/QN.1*E  DGF  EF  B(D,   %D'  BDJD'  EE'  *-A8HFG  H*/QN.1HFG  DJCHF  (0H1K'  DD21'9). 
 
 +OEQN  JN#R*PJ  EPFR  (N9R/P  0NDPCN  9N'EL  APJGP  JO:N'+O  'DFQN'3O  HNAPJGP  JN9R5P1OHFN  ( 4 9 ) 
 
 +E  J#*J  EF  (9/  G0G  'D3FJF  'DE,/()  9'E  J:'+  AJG  'DF'3  ('DE71,   AJ1A9  'DDG  *9'DI  9FGE  'D4/),   HJ951HF  AJG  'D+E'1  EF  C+1)  'D.P5R(  H'DFE'!. 
 
 HNBN'DN  'DRENDPCO  '&R*OHFPJ  (PGP  ANDNEQN'  ,N'!NGO  'D1QN3OHDO  BN'DN  '1R,P9R  %PDNI  1N(QPCN  AN'3R#NDRGO  EN'  (N'DO  'DFQP3RHN)P  'DD'QN*PJ  BN7QN9RFN  #NJR/PJNGOFQN  %PFQN  1N(QPJ  (PCNJR/PGPFQN  9NDPJEL  ( 5 0 ) 
 
 HB'D  'DEDC  D#9H'FG:   #.1,H'  'D1,D  'DE9(QP1  DD1$J'  EF  'D3,F  H#-61HG  DJ,   ADE'  ,'!G  13HD  'DEDC  J/9HG  B'D  JH3A  DD13HD:   '1,9  %DI  3J/C  'DEDC,   H'7D(  EFG  #F  J3#D  'DF3H)  'DD'*J  ,1-F  #J/JGF  9F  -BJB)  #E1GF  H4#FGF  E9J;   D*8G1  'D-BJB)  DD,EJ9,   H**6-  (1'!*J,   %F  1(J  9DJE  (5FJ9GF  H#A9'DGF  D'  J.AI  9DJG  4J!  EF  0DC. 
 
 BN'DN  EN'  .N7R(OCOFQN  %P0R  1N'HN/*QOFQN  JOH3OAN  9NFR  FNAR3PGP  BODRFN  -N'4N  DPDQNGP  EN'  9NDPERFN'  9NDNJRGP  EPFR  3OH!M  BN'DN*R  'ER1N#N)O  'DR9N2PJ2P  'D"FN  -N5R-N5N  'DR-NBQO  #NFN'  1N'HN/*QOGO  9NFR  FNAR3PGP  HN%PFQNGO  DNEPFR  'D5QN'/PBPJFN  ( 5 1 ) 
 
 ( 1 / 4 7 8 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 B'D  'DEDC  DDF3H)  'DD'*J  ,1-F  #J/JGF:   E'  4#FCF  -JF  1'H/*FQN  JH3A  9F  FA3G  JHE  'D6J'A)  AGD  1#J*F  EFG  E'  J1J(  BDF:   E9'0  'DDG  E'  9DEF'  9DJG  #/FI  4J!  JN4JFG,   9F/  0DC  B'D*  'E1')  'D92J2:   'D"F  8G1  'D-B  (9/  .A'&G,   A#F'  'D*J  -'HD*  A*F*G  (%:1'&G  A'E*F9,   H%FG  DEF  'D5'/BJF  AJ  CD  E'  B'DG. 
 
 0NDPCN  DPJN9RDNEN  #NFQPJ  DNER  #N.OFRGO  (P'DR:NJR(P  HN#NFQN  'DDQNGN  D'  JNGR/PJ  CNJR/N  'DR.N'&PFPJFN  ( 5 2 ) 
 
 0DC  'DBHD  'D0J  BD*G  AJ  *F2JGG  H'D%B1'1  9DI  FA3J  DJ9DE  2H,J  #FJ  DE  #.FG  ('DC0(  9DJG,   HDE  *B9  EFJ  'DA'-4),   H#FFJ  1'H/*G,   H'9*1A*  (0DC  D%8G'1  (1'!*J  H(1'!*G,   H#F  'DDG  D'  JHAB  #GD  'D.J'F),   HD'  J14/GE  AJ  .J'F*GE. 
 
 'D,2!  'D+'D+  941  : 
 
 HNEN'  #O(N1QP&O  FNAR3PJ  %PFQN  'DFQNAR3N  D#NEQN'1N)L  (P'D3QOH!P  %PD'QN  EN'  1N-PEN  1N(QPJ  %PFQN  1N(QPJ  :NAOH1L  1N-PJEL  ( 5 3 ) 
 
 B'D*  'E1#)  'D92J2:   HE'  #2CJ  FA3J  HD'  #(1&G',   %F  'DFA3  DC+J1)  'D#E1  D5'-(G'  (9ED  'DE9'5J  7D('  DED0'*G',   %D'  ENF  95EG  'DDG.   %F  'DDG  :AH1  D0FH(  ENF  *'(  EPF  9('/G,   1-JE  (GE. 
 
 HNBN'DN  'DRENDPCO  '&R*OHFPJ  (PGP  #N3R*N.RDP5RGO  DPFNAR3PJ  ANDNEQN'  CNDQNENGO  BN'DN  %PFQNCN  'DRJNHREN  DN/NJRFN'  ENCPJFL  #NEPJFL  ( 5 4 ) 
 
 HB'D  'DEDC  'D-'CE  D@  " E51"   -JF  (D:*G  (1'!)  JH3A:   ,J&HFJ  (G  #,9DG  EF  .D5'&J  H#GD  E4H1*J,   ADE'  ,'!  JH3A  HCDQNEG  'DEDC,   H91A  (1'!*G,   H98JE  #E'F*G,   H-3F  .DBG,   B'D  DG:   %FC  'DJHE  9F/F'  98JE  'DEC'F),   HE$*EF  9DI  CD  4J!. 
 
 BN'DN  ',R9NDRFPJ  9NDNI  .N2N'&PFP  'D#N1R6P  %PFQPJ  -NAPJ8L  9NDPJEL  ( 5 5 ) 
 
 H#1'/  JH3A  #F  JFA9  'D9('/,   HJBJE  'D9/D  (JFGE,   AB'D  DDEDC:   ',9DFJ  H'DJK'  9DI  .2'&F  " E51" ,   A%FJ  .'2F  #EJF,   0H  9DE  H(5J1)  (E'  #*HD'G. 
 
 HNCN0NDPCN  ENCQNFQN'  DPJOH3OAN  APJ  'D#N1R6P  JN*N(NHQN#O  EPFRGN'  -NJR+O  JN4N'!O  FO5PJ(O  (P1N-REN*PFN'  ENFR  FN4N'!O  HND'  FO6PJ9O  #N,R1N  'DREO-R3PFPJFN  ( 5 6 ) 
 
 ( 1 / 4 7 9 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 HCE'  #F9E  'DDG  9DI  JH3A  ('D.D'5  EF  'D3,F  ECQNF  DG  AJ  #16  " E51"   JF2D  EFG'  #J  EF2D  4'!G.   J5J(  'DDG  (1-E*G  EF  J4'!  EF  9('/G  'DE*BJF,   HD'  J6J9  #,1  ENF  #-3F  4J&K'  EPF  'D9ED  'D5'D-. 
 
 HND#N,R1O  'D".P1N)P  .NJR1L  DPDQN0PJFN  "ENFOH'  HNCN'FOH'  JN*QNBOHFN  ( 5 7 ) 
 
 HDN+H'(  'D".1)  9F/  'DDG  #98E  EF  +H'(  'D/FJ'  D#GD  'D%JE'F  H'D*BHI  'D0JF  J.'AHF  9B'(  'DDG,   HJ7J9HFG  AJ  #E1G  HFGJG. 
 
 HN,N'!N  %P.RHN)O  JOH3OAN  AN/N.NDOH'  9NDNJRGP  AN9N1NANGOER  HNGOER  DNGO  EOFCP1OHFN  ( 5 8 ) 
 
 HB/PEN  %.H)  JH3A  %DI  " E51"   - (9/  #F  -DQN  (GE  'D,/(  AJ  #16GE- ;   DJ,D(H'  EFG'  'D79'E,   A/.DH'  9DJG  A91AGE,   HDE  J91AHG  D7HD  'DE/)  H*:JQO1  GJ&*G. 
 
 HNDNEQN'  ,NGQN2NGOER  (P,NGN'2PGPER  BN'DN  '&R*OHFPJ  (P#N.M  DNCOER  EPFR  #N(PJCOER  #ND'  *N1NHRFN  #NFQPJ  #OHAPJ  'DRCNJRDN  HN#NFN'  .NJR1O  'DREOF2PDPJFN  ( 5 9 ) 
 
 HB/  #E1  JH3A  (%C1'EGE  H-3F  6J'A*GE,   +E  #97'GE  EF  'D79'E  E'  7D(H',   HC'FH'  B/  #.(1HG  #F  DGE  #.K'  EF  #(JGE  DE  JO-61HG  E9GE  - J1J/HF  4BJBG-   AB'D:   '&*HFJ  (#.JCE  EF  #(JCE,   #DE  *1H'  #FJ  #HAJ*O  DCE  'DCJD  H#C1E*CE  AJ  'D6J'A),   H#F'  .J1  'DE6JAJF  DCE
 
 AN%PFR  DNER  *N#R*OHFPJ  (PGP  AND'  CNJRDN  DNCOER  9PF/PJ  HND'  *NBR1N(OHFP  ( 6 0 ) 
 
 A%F  DE  *#*HFJ  (G  ADJ3  DCE  9F/J  79'E  #CJDG  DCE,   HD'  *#*H'  %DJQN. 
 
 BN'DOH'R  3NFO1N'HP/O  9NFRGO  #N(N'GO  HN%PFQN'  DNAN'9PDOHFN  ( 6 1 ) 
 
 B'DH':   3F(0D  ,G/F'  D%BF'9  #(JG  #F  J13DG  E9F',   HDF  FB5QP1  AJ  0DC. 
 
 HNBN'DN  DPAP*RJN'FPGP  ',R9NDOH'R  (P6N'9N*NGOER  APJ  1P-N'DPGPER  DN9NDQNGOER  JN9R1PAOHFNGN'  %P0N'  'FBNDN(OH'R  %PDNI  #NGRDPGPER  DN9NDQNGOER  JN1R,P9OHFN  ( 6 2 ) 
 
 HB'D  JH3A  D:DE'FG:   ',9DH'  +EF  E'  #.0HG  AJ  #E*9*GE  31K';   1,'!  #F  J91AHG  %0'  1,9H'  %DI  #GDGE,   HJB/QP1H'  %C1'EF'  DGE  DJ1,9H'  7E9K'  AJ  97'&F'. 
 
 ( 1 / 4 8 0 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 ANDNEQN'  1N,P9OH'  %PDNI  #N(PJGPER  BN'DOH'R  JN'  #N(N'FN'  EOFP9N  EPFQN'  'DRCNJRDO  AN#N1R3PDR  EN9NFN'  #N.N'FN'  FNCR*NDR  HN%PFQN'  DNGO  DN-N'AP8OHFN  ( 6 3 ) 
 
 ADE'  1,9H'  %DI  #(JGE  B5QOH'  9DJG  E'  C'F  EF  %C1'E  'D92J2  DGE,   HB'DH':   %FG  DF  J97JF'  E3*B(ND'  %D'  %0'  C'F  E9F'  #.HF'  'D0J  #.(1F'G  (G,   A#13DRG  E9F'  F-61  'D79'E  H'AJK',   HF*9G/  DC  (-A8G. 
 
 BN'DN  GNDR  "ENFOCOER  9NDNJRGP  %PD'QN  CNEN'  #NEPF*OCOER  9NDNI  #N.PJGP  EPF  BN(RDO  AN'DDQNGO  .NJR1L  -N'AP8K'  HNGOHN  #N1R-NEO  'D1QN'-PEPJFN  ( 6 4 ) 
 
 B'D  DGE  #(HGE:   CJA  "EFCE  9DI  " (FJ'EJF"   HB/  #EF*CE  9DI  #.JG  JH3A  EF  B(D,   H'D*2E*E  (-A8G  ADE  *AH'  (0DC  AD'  #+B  ('D*2'ECE  H-A8CE,   HDCFJ  #+B  (-A8  'DDG,   .J1  'D-'A8JF  H#1-E  'D1'-EJF,   #1,H  #F  J1-EFJ  AJ-A8G  HJ1/G  9DJQN. 
 
 HNDNEQN'  AN*N-OH'  EN*N'9NGOER  HN,N/OH'  (P6N'9N*NGOER  1O/QN*R  %PDNJRGPER  BN'DOH'  JN'  #N(N'FN'  EN'  FN(R:PJ  GN0PGP  (P6N'9N*OFN'  1O/QN*R  %PDNJRFN'  HNFNEPJ1O  #NGRDNFN'  HNFN-RAN8O  #N.N'FN'  HNFN2R/N'/O  CNJRDN  (N9PJ1M  0NDPCN  CNJRDL  JN3PJ1L  ( 6 5 ) 
 
 HDE'  A*-H'  #H9J*GE  H,/H'  +EF  (6'9*GE  'D0J  /A9HG  B/  1O/QN  %DJGE  B'DH':   J'  #('F'  E'0'  F7D(  #C+1  EF  G0'  G0'  +EF  (6'9*F'  1/QNG  'D92J2  %DJF',   ACF  E7E&FK'  9DI  #.JF',   H#13DG  E9F';   DF,D(  79'EK'  HAJ1K'  D#GDF',   HF-A8  #.'F',   HF2/'/  -PERDN  (9J1  DG;   A%F  'D92J2  JCJD  DCD  H'-/  -PERDN  (9J1,   H0DC  CJD  J3J1  9DJG. 
 
 BN'DN  DNFR  #O1R3PDNGO  EN9NCOER  -N*QNI  *O$R*OHFPJ  ENHR+PB'K  EPFR  'DDQNGP  DN*N#R*OHFNFPJ  (PGP  %PD'QN  #NFR  JO-N'7N  (PCOER  ANDNEQN'  "*NHRGO  ENHR+PBNGOER  BN'DN  'DDQNGO  9NDNI  EN'  FNBOHDO  HNCPJDL  ( 6 6 ) 
 
 ( 1 / 4 8 1 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 B'D  DGE  J9BH(:   DF  #*1CG  J0G(  E9CE  -*I  **9G/H'  H*-DAH'  DJ  ('DDG  #F  *1/HG  %DJQN,   %D'  #F  *O:RD(H'  9DJG  AD'  *3*7J9H'  *.DJ5G,   ADE'  #97NHRG  9G/  'DDG  9DI  E'  7D(,   B'D  J9BH(:   'DDG  9DI  E'  FBHD  HCJD,   #J  *CAJF'  4G'/*G  9DJF'  H-A8G  DF'. 
 
 HNBN'DN  JN'  (NFPJ  D'  *N/R.ODOH'  EPFR  (N'(M  HN'-P/M  HN'/R.ODOH'  EPFR  #N(RHN'(M  EO*NAN1QPBN)M  HNEN'  #O:RFPJ  9NFCOER  EPFR  'DDQNGP  EPFR  4NJR!M  %PFR  'DR-OCREO  %PD'QN  DPDQNGP  9NDNJRGP  *NHNCQNDR*O  HN9NDNJRGP  ANDRJN*NHNCQNDR  'DREO*NHNCQPDOHFN  ( 6 7 ) 
 
 HB'D  DGE  #(HGE:   J'  #(F'&J  %0'  /.D*E  #16  " E51"   AD'  */.DH'  EPF  ('(  H'-/,   HDCF  '/.DHG'  EF  #(H'(  E*A1B),   -*I  D'  *5J(CE  'D9JF,   H%FJ  %0  #H5JCE  (G0'  D'  #/A9  9FCE  4J&K'  B6'G  'DDG  9DJCE,   AE'  'D-CE  %D'  DDG  H-/G,   9DJG  '9*E/*  HH+B*,   H9DJG  H-/G  J9*E/  'DE$EFHF. 
 
 HNDNEQN'  /N.NDOH'  EPFR  -NJR+O  #NEN1NGOER  #N(OHGOER  EN'  CN'FN  JO:RFPJ  9NFRGOER  EPFR  'DDQNGP  EPFR  4NJR!M  %PD'QN  -N',N)K  APJ  FNAR3P  JN9RBOH(N  BN6N'GN'  HN%PFQNGO  DN0OH  9PDREM  DPEN'  9NDQNERFN'GO  HNDNCPFQN  #NCR+N1N  'DFQN'3P  D'  JN9RDNEOHFN  ( 6 8 ) 
 
 HDE'  /.DH'  EF  #(H'(  E*A1B)  CE'  #E1GE  #(HGE,   E'  C'F  0DC  DJ/A9  B6'!  'DDG  9FGE,   HDCF  C'F  4AB)  AJ  FA3  J9BH(  9DJGE  #F  *5J(GE  'D9JF,   H%F  J9BH(  D5'-(  9DEM  98JE  (#E1  /JFG  9DQNEG  'DDG  DG  H-RJK',   HDCF  #C+1  'DF'3  D'  J9DEHF  9H'B(  'D#EH1  H/B'&B  'D#4J'!,   HE'  J9DEG  J9BH(  - 9DJG  'D3D'E-   EPF  #E1  /JFG. 
 
 HNDNEQN'  /N.NDOH'  9NDNI  JOH3OAN  "HNI  %PDNJRGP  #N.N'GO  BN'DN  %PFQPJ  #NFN'  #N.OHCN  AND'  *N(R*N&P3R  (PEN'  CN'FOH'  JN9RENDOHFN  ( 6 9 ) 
 
 HDE'  /.D  %.H)  JH3A  9DJG  AJ  EF2D  6J'A*G  HE9GE  4BJBG,   6E  JH3A  %DJG  4BJBG,   HB'D  DG  31K':   %FJ  #F'  #.HC  AD'  *-2F,   HD'  *:*EQN  (E'  5F9HG  (J  AJE'  E6I.   H#E1G  (C*E'F  0DC  9FGE. 
 
 ( 1 / 4 8 2 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 ANDNEQN'  ,NGQN2NGOER  (P,NGN'2PGPER  ,N9NDN  'D3QPBN'JN)N  APJ  1N-RDP  #N.PJGP  +OEQN  #N0QNFN  EO$N0QPFL  #NJQN*OGN'  'DR9PJ1O  %PFQNCOER  DN3N'1PBOHFN  ( 7 0 ) 
 
 ADE'  ,G2QNGE  JH3A,   H-EQND  %(DGE  ('D79'E,   #E1  9E'DG,   AH69H'  'D%F'!  'D0J  C'F  JCJD  DDF'3  (G  AJ  E*'9  #.JG  " (FJ'EJF"   EF  -J+  D'  J491  #-/,   HDE'  1C(H'  DJ3J1H'  F'/I  EF'/M  B'&D'  J'  #5-'(  G0G  'D9J1  'DE-EQND)  ('D79'E,   %FCE  D3'1BHF. 
 
 BN'DOH'  HN#NBR(NDOH'  9NDNJRGPER  EN'0N'  *NARBP/OHFN  ( 7 1 ) 
 
 B'D  #HD'/  J9BH(  EB(DJF  9DI  'DEF'/J:   E'  'D0J  *AB/HFG
 
 BN'DOH'  FNARBP/O  5OHN'9N  'DRENDPCP  HNDPENFR  ,N'!N  (PGP  -PERDO  (N9PJ1M  HN#NFN'  (PGP  2N9PJEL  ( 7 2 ) 
 
 B'D  'DEF'/J  HENF  (-61*G:   FAB/  'DECJ'D  'D0J  JCJD  'DEDC  (G,   HEC'A#)  EF  J-61G  EB/'1  -PERD  (9J1  EF  'D79'E,   HB'D  'DEF'/J:   H#F'  (-PERD  'D(9J1  EF  'D79'E  6'EF  HCAJD. 
 
 BN'DOH'  *N'DDQNGP  DNBN/R  9NDPER*OER  EN'  ,P&RFN'  DPFOAR3P/N  APJ  'D#N1R6P  HNEN'  COFQN'  3N'1PBPJFN  ( 7 3 ) 
 
 B'D  %.H)  JH3A:   H'DDG  DB/  *-BB*E  EE'  4'G/*EHG  EF'  #FF'  E'  ,&F'  #16  " E51"   EF  #,D  'D%A3'/  AJG',   HDJ3  EF  5A'*F'  #F  FCHF  3'1BJF. 
 
 BN'DOH'  ANEN'  ,N2N'$OGO  %PFR  COF*OER  CN'0P(PJFN  ( 7 4 ) 
 
 B'D  'DECDQNAHF  ('D(-+  9F  'DECJ'D  D%.H)  JH3A:   AE'  9BH()  'D3'1B  9F/CE  %F  CF*E  C'0(JF  AJ  BHDCE:   D3F'  (3'1BJF
 
 BN'DOH'  ,N2N'$OGO  ENFR  HO,P/N  APJ  1N-RDPGP  ANGOHN  ,N2N'$OGO  CN0NDPCN  FN,R2PJ  'D8QN'DPEPJFN  ( 7 5 ) 
 
 B'D  %.H)  JH3A:   ,2'!  'D3'1B  ENF  HO,P/  'DE31HB  AJ  1-DG  AGH  ,2'$G.   #J  J3DQNE  (31B*G  %DI  ENF  31B  EFG  -*I  JCHF  9(/K'  9F/G,   E+D  G0'  'D,2'!  - HGH  'D'3*1B'B-   F,2J  'D8'DEJF  ('D31B),   HG0'  /JFF'  H3F*F'  AJ  #GD  'D31B). 
 
 ( 1 / 4 8 3 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 AN(N/N#N  (P#NHR9PJN*PGPER  BN(RDN  HP9N'!P  #N.PJGP  +OEQN  '3R*N.R1N,NGN'  EPFR  HP9N'!P  #N.PJGP  CN0NDPCN  CP/RFN'  DPJOH3OAN  EN'  CN'FN  DPJN#R.O0N  #N.N'GO  APJ  /PJFP  'DRENDPCP  %PD'QN  #NFR  JN4N'!N  'DDQNGO  FN1RAN9O  /N1N,N'*M  ENFR  FN4N'!O  HNANHRBN  CODQP  0PJ  9PDREM  9NDPJEL  ( 7 6 ) 
 
 H1,9H'  (%.H)  JH3A  %DJG,   AB'E  (FA3G  JA*4  #E*9*GE,   A(/#  (#E*9*GE  B(D  E*'9  4BJBG;   %-C'EK'  DE'  /(QN1G  D'3*(B'!  #.JG  E9G,   +E  'F*GI  (H9'!  #.JG,   A'3*.1,  'D%F'!  EFG,   C0DC  J3QN1F'  DJH3A  G0'  'D*/(J1  'D0J  *H5QND  (G  D#.0  #.JG,   HE'  C'F  DG  #F  J#.0  #.'G  AJ  -CE  ENDPC  " E51" ;   D#FG  DJ3  EF  /JFG  #F  J*EDC  'D3'1B,   %D'  #F  E4J&)  'DDG  'B*6*  G0'  'D*/(J1  H'D'-*C'E  %DI  41J9)  %.H)  JH3A  'DB'6J)  (1PBQP  'D3'1B.   F1A9  EF'2D  ENF  F4'!  AJ  'D/FJ'  9DI  :J1G  CE'  1A9F'  EF2D)  JH3A.   HAHB  CD  0J  9DEM  EF  GH  #9DE  EFG,   -*I  JF*GJ  'D9DE  %DI  'DDG  *9'DI  9'DE  'D:J(  H'D4G'/). 
 
 BN'DOH'  %PFR  JN3R1PBR  ANBN/R  3N1NBN  #N.L  DNGO  EPFR  BN(RDO  AN#N3N1QNGN'  JOH3OAO  APJ  FNAR3PGP  HNDNER  JO(R/PGN'  DNGOER  BN'DN  #NFR*OER  4N1QL  ENCN'F'K  HN'DDQNGO  #N9RDNEO  (PEN'  *N5PAOHFN  ( 7 7 ) 
 
 B'D  %.H)  JH3A:   %FR  31B  G0'  AB/  31B  #.  4BJB  DG  EF  B(D  ( JB5/HF  JH3A  9DJG  'D3D'E)   A#.AI  JH3A  AJ  FA3G  E'  3E9G,   H-/QN+  FA3G  B'&D'  #F*E  #3H#  EF2D)  EEF  0C1*E,   -J+  /(QN1*E  DJ  E'  C'F  EFCE,   H'DDG  #9DE  (E'  *5AHF  EF  'DC0(  H'D'A*1'!. 
 
 BN'DOH'  JN'  #NJQOGN'  'DR9N2PJ2O  %PFQN  DNGO  #N('K  4NJR.'K  CN(PJ1'K  AN.O0R  #N-N/NFN'  ENCN'FNGO  %PFQN'  FN1N'CN  EPFR  'DREO-R3PFPJFN  ( 7 8 ) 
 
 B'DH'  E3*97AJF  DJHAH'  (9G/  #(JGE:   J'  #JG'  'D92J2  %F  DG  H'D/K'  C(J1K'  AJ  'D3F  J-(G  HD'  J7JB  (O9/G,   A.O0R  #-/F'  (/D'  EF  " (FJ'EJF" ,   %F'  F1'C  EF  'DE-3FJF  AJ  E9'ED*C  DF'  HD:J1F'. 
 
 ( 1 / 4 8 4 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 BN'DN  EN9N'0N  'DDQNGP  #NFR  FN#R.O0N  %PD'QN  ENFR  HN,N/RFN'  EN*N'9NFN'  9PFR/NGO  %PFQN'  %P0'K  DN8N'DPEOHFN  ( 7 9 ) 
 
 B'D  JH3A:   F9*5E  ('DDG  HF3*,J1  (G  #F  F#.0  #-/K'  :J1  'D0J  H,/F'  'DECJ'D  9F/G  - CE'  -CE*E  #F*E- ,   A%FF'  %F  A9DF'  E'  *7D(HF  FCHF  AJ  9/'/  'D8'DEJF. 
 
 ANDNEQN'  '3R*NJR&N3OH'  EPFRGO  .NDN5OH'  FN,PJQ'K  BN'DN  CN(PJ1OGOER  #NDNER  *N9RDNEOH'  #NFQN  #N(N'COER  BN/R  #N.N0N  9NDNJRCOER  ENHR+PB'K  EPFR  'DDQNGP  HNEPFR  BN(RDO  EN'  AN1QN7*OER  APJ  JOH3OAN  ANDNFR  #N(R1N-N  'D#N1R6N  -N*QNI  JN#R0NFN  DPJ  #N(PJ  #NHR  JN-RCOEN  'DDQNGO  DPJ  HNGOHN  .NJR1O  'DR-N'CPEPJFN  ( 8 0 ) 
 
 ADE'  J&3H'  EF  %,'(*G  %J'GE  DPEN'  7D(HG  'FA1/H'  9F  'DF'3,   H#.0H'  J*4'H1HF  AJE'  (JFGE,   B'D  C(J1GE  AJ  'D3F:   #DE  *9DEH'  #F  #('CE  B/  #.0  9DJCE  'D9G/  'DE$C/  D*1/QOFQN  #.'CE  %D'  #F  *O:D(H',   HEF  B(D  G0'  C'F  *B5J1CE  AJ  JH3A  H:/1CE  (G;   D0DC  DF  #A'1B  #16  " E51"   -*I  J#0F  DJ  #(J  AJ  EA'1B*G',   #H  JB6J  DJ  1(J  ('D.1H,  EFG',   H#*ECF  EPF  #N.R0P  #.J,   H'DDG  .J1O  ENF  -NCNEN,   H#9/D  ENF  AN5NDN  (JF  'DF'3. 
 
 '1R,P9OH'  %PDNI  #N(PJCOER  ANBOHDOH'  JN'  #N(N'FN'  %PFQN  '(RFNCN  3N1NBN  HNEN'  4NGP/RFN'  %PD'QN  (PEN'  9NDPERFN'  HNEN'  COFQN'  DPDR:NJR(P  -'AP8PJFN  ( 8 1 ) 
 
 '1,9H'  #F*E  %DI  #(JCE,   H#.(1HG  (E'  ,1I,   HBHDH'  DG:   %F  '(FC  " (FJ'EJF"   B/  31B,   HE'  4G/F'  (0DC  %D'  (9/  #F  *NJNBQNFQN',   AB/  1#JF'  'DECJ'D  AJ  1-DG,   HE'  C'F  9F/F'  9DE  'D:J(  #FG  3J31B  -JF  9'G/F'C  9DI  1/QPG. 
 
 HN'3R#NDR  'DRBN1RJN)N  'DQN*PJ  COFQN'  APJGN'  HN'DR9PJ1N  'DQN*PJ  #NBR(NDRFN'  APJGN'  HN%PFQN'  DN5N'/PBOHFN  ( 8 2 ) 
 
 H'3#D  - J'  #('F'-   #GD  " E51" ,   HENF  C'F  E9F'  AJ  'DB'AD)  'D*J  CF'  AJG',   H%FF'  5'/BHF  AJE'  #.(1F'C  (G. 
 
 ( 1 / 4 8 5 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 BN'DN  (NDR  3NHQNDN*R  DNCOER  #NFAO3OCOER  #NER1'K  AN5N(R1L  ,NEPJDL  9N3NI  'DDQNGO  #NFR  JN#R*PJNFPJ  (PGPER  ,NEPJ9'K  %PFQNGO  GOHN  'DR9NDPJEO  'DR-NCPJEO  ( 8 3 ) 
 
 HDE'  1,9H'  H#.(1H'  #('GE  B'D  DGE:   (D  2NJQNFN*  DCE  #FA3CE  'D#EQN'1)  ('D3H!  ECJ/)  /(QN1*EHG'  CE'  A9D*E  EPF  B(D  E9  JH3A,   A5(1J  5(1  ,EJD  D'  ,29  AJG  HD'  4CHI  E9G,   93I  'DDG  #F  J1/QN  %DJQN  #(F'&J  'D+D'+)  - HGE  JH3A  H4BJBG  H#.HGE  'DC(J1  'DE*.DA  EF  #,D  #.JG-   %FG  GH  'D9DJE  (-'DJ,   'D-CJE  AJ  */(J1G. 
 
 HN*NHNDQNI  9NFRGOER  HNBN'DN  JN'  #N3NANI  9NDNI  JOH3OAN  HN'(RJN6QN*R  9NJRFN'GO  EPFN  'DR-O2RFP  ANGOHN  CN8PJEL  ( 8 4 ) 
 
 H#916  J9BH(  9FGE,   HB/  6'B  5/1G  (E'  B'DHG  HB'D:   J'  -31*'  9DI  JH3A  H'(J6QN*R  9JF'G,   (0G'(  3H'/GE'  EPF  4/)  'D-2F  AGH  EE*D&  'DBD(  -2FK',   HDCFG  4/J/  'DC*E'F  DG. 
 
 BN'DOH'  *N'DDQNGP  *NAR*N#O  *N0RCO1O  JOH3OAN  -N*QNI  *NCOHFN  -N1N6'K  #NHR  *NCOHFN  EPFR  'DRGN'DPCPJFN  ( 8 5 ) 
 
 B'D  (FHG:   *'DDG  E'  *2'D  **0C1  JH3A,   HJ4*/QO  -2FC  9DJG  -*I  *O4R1PA  9DI  'DGD'C  #H  *GDC  A9D'  A.AA  9F  FA3C. 
 
 BN'DN  %PFQNEN'  #N4RCOH  (N+QPJ  HN-O2RFPJ  %PDNI  'DDQNGP  HN#N9RDNEO  EPFR  'DDQNGP  EN'  D'  *N9RDNEOHFN  ( 8 6 ) 
 
 B'D  J9BH(  E,J(K'  DGE:   D'  #8G1  GEQPJ  H-2FJ  %D'  DDG  H-/G,   AGH  C'4A  'D61QP  H'D(D'!,   H#9DE  EF  1-E)  'DDG  HA1,G  E'  D'  *9DEHFG. 
 
 JN'  (NFPJ  '0RGN(OH'  AN*N-N3QN3OH'  EPFR  JOH3OAN  HN#N.PJGP  HND'  *NJR&N3OH'  EPFR  1NHR-P  'DDQNGP  %PFQNGO  D'  JNJR&N3O  EPFR  1NHR-P  'DDQNGP  %PD'QN  'DRBNHREO  'DCN'AP1OHFN  ( 8 7 ) 
 
 B'D  J9BH(:   J'  #(F'&J  9H/H'  %DI  " E51"   A'3*B5H'  #.('1  JH3A  H#.JG,   HD'  *B79H'  1,'!CE  EF  1-E)  'DDG,   %FG  D'  JB79  'D1,'!  EF  1-E)  'DDG  %D'  'D,'-/HF  DB/1*G,   'DC'A1HF  (G. 
 
 ( 1 / 4 8 6 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 ANDNEQN'  /N.NDOH'  9NDNJRGP  BN'DOH'  JN'  #NJQOGN'  'DR9N2PJ2O  EN3QNFN'  HN#NGRDNFN'  'D6QO1QO  HN,P&RFN'  (P(P6N'9N)M  EO2R,N')M  AN#NHRAP  DNFN'  'DRCNJRDN  HN*N5N/QNBR  9NDNJRFN'  %PFQN  'DDQNGN  JN,R2PJ  'DREO*N5N/QPBPJFN  ( 8 8 ) 
 
 A0G(H'  %DI  " E51" ,   ADE'  /.DH'  9DI  JH3A  B'DH':   J'  #JG'  'D92J2  #5'(F'  H#GDF'  'DB-7  H'D,/(,   H,&F'C  (+EF  1/J!  BDJD,   A#97F'  (G  E'  CF*  *97JF'  EF  B(D  ('D+EF  'D,J/,   H*5/QNBR  9DJF'  (B(6  G0G  'D/1'GE  'DE2,')  H*,HQN2  AJG',   %F  'DDG  *9'DI  J+J(  'DE*A6QPDJF  9DI  #GD  'D-',)  (#EH'DGE. 
 
 BN'DN  GNDR  9NDPER*OER  EN'  AN9NDR*OER  (PJOH3OAN  HN#N.PJGP  %P0R  #NFR*OER  ,N'GPDOHFN  ( 8 9 ) 
 
 ADE'  3E9  EB'D*GE  1BQN  DGE,   H91QNAGE  (FA3G  HB'D:   GD  *0C1HF  'D0J  A9D*EHG  (JH3A  H#.JG  EF  'D#0I  AJ  -'D  ,NGRDCE  (9'B()  E'  *A9DHF
 
 BN'DOH'  #N&PFQNCN  D#NFR*N  JOH3OAO  BN'DN  #NFN'  JOH3OAO  HNG0N'  #N.PJ  BN/R  ENFQN  'DDQNGO  9NDNJRFN'  %PFQNGO  ENFR  JN*QNBP  HNJN5R(P1R  AN%PFQN  'DDQNGN  D'  JO6PJ9O  #N,R1N  'DREO-R3PFPJFN  ( 9 0 ) 
 
 B'DH':   #%FQNC  D#F*  JH3A  B'D:   F9E  #F'  JH3A,   HG0'  4BJBJ,   B/  *A6QND  'DDG  9DJF',   A,E9  (JFF'  (9/  'DA1B),   %FG  EF  J*B  'DDG,   HJ5(1  9DI  'DE-F,   A%F  'DDG  D'  J0G(  +H'(  %-3'FG,   H%FE'  J,2JG  #-3F  'D,2'!. 
 
 BN'DOH'  *N'DDQNGP  DNBN/R  "+N1NCN  'DDQNGO  9NDNJRFN'  HN%PFR  COFQN'  DN.N'7P&PJFN  ( 9 1 ) 
 
 B'DH':   *'DDG  DB/  AN6QNDC  'DDG  9DJF'  H#92QNC  ('D9DE  H'D-DE  H'DA6D,   H%F  CF'  D.'7&JF  (E'  A9DF'G  9E/K'  (C  H(#.JC. 
 
 BN'DN  D'  *N+R1PJ(N  9NDNJRCOER  'DRJNHREN  JN:RAP1O  'DDQNGO  DNCOER  HNGOHN  #N1R-NEO  'D1QN'-PEPJFN  ( 9 2 ) 
 
 B'D  DGE  JH3A:   D'  *#FJ(  9DJCE  'DJHE,   J:A1  'DDG  DCE,   HGH  #1-E  'D1'-EJF  DEF  *'(  EF  0F(G  H#F'(  %DI  7'9*G. 
 
 '0RGN(OH'  (PBNEPJ5PJ  GN0N'  AN#NDRBOHGO  9NDNI  HN,RGP  #N(PJ  JN#R*P  (N5PJ1'K  HN#R*OHFPJ  (P#NGRDPCOER  #N,REN9PJFN  ( 9 3 ) 
 
 ( 1 / 4 8 7 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 HDE'  3#DGE  9F  #(JG  #.(1HG  (0G'(  (51G  EF  'D(C'!  9DJG,   AB'D  DGE:   9H/H'  %DI  #(JCE  HE9CE  BEJ5J  G0'  A'71-HG  9DI  H,G  #(J  JN9O/R  %DJG  (51G,   +E  #-61H'  %DJQN  ,EJ9  #GDCE. 
 
 HNDNEQN'  AN5NDN*R  'DR9PJ1O  BN'DN  #N(OHGOER  %PFQPJ  D#N,P/O  1PJ-N  JOH3OAN  DNHRD'  #NFR  *OANFQP/OHFP  ( 9 4 ) 
 
 HDE'  .1,*  'DB'AD)  EF  #16  " E51" ,   HE9GE  'DBEJ5  B'D  J9BH(  DEF  -61G:   %FJ  D#,/  1J-  JH3A  DHD'  #F  *3AGHFJ  H*3.1H'  EFJ,   H*29EH'  #F  G0'  'DCD'E  5/1  EFJ  EF  :J1  49H1. 
 
 BN'DOH'  *N'DDQNGP  %PFQNCN  DNAPJ  6ND'DPCN  'DRBN/PJEP  ( 9 5 ) 
 
 B'D  'D-'61HF  9F/G:   *'DDG  %FC  D'  *2'D  AJ  .7&C  'DB/JE  EPF  -(  JH3A,   H#FC  D'  *F3'G. 
 
 ANDNEQN'  #NFR  ,N'!N  'DR(N4PJ1O  #NDRBN'GO  9NDNI  HN,RGPGP  AN'1R*N/QN  (N5PJ1'K  BN'DN  #NDNER  #NBODR  DNCOER  %PFQPJ  #N9RDNEO  EPFR  'DDQNGP  EN'  D'  *N9RDNEOHFN  ( 9 6 ) 
 
 ADE'  #F  ,'!  EF  JO(4QP1  J9BH(  (#F  JH3A  -JQL,   H71-  BEJ5  JH3A  9DI  H,GG  A9'/  J9BH(  E(51K',   H9EQNG  'D31H1  AB'D  DEF  9F/G:   #DER  #.(1CE  #FJ  #9DE  EF  'DDG  E'  D'  *9DEHFG  EF  A6D  'DDG  H1-E*G  HC1EG
 
 BN'DOH'  JN'  #N(N'FN'  '3R*N:RAP1R  DNFN'  0OFOH(NFN'  %PFQN'  COFQN'  .N'7P&PJFN  ( 9 7 ) 
 
 B'D  (FHG:   J'  #('F'  3D  DF'  1(C  #F  J9AH  9F'  HJ3*1  9DJF'  0FH(F',   %F'  CF'  .'7&JF  AJE'  A9DF'G  (JH3A  H4BJBG. 
 
 BN'DN  3NHRAN  #N3R*N:RAP1O  DNCOER  1N(QPJ  %PFQNGO  GOHN  'DR:NAOH1O  'D1QN-PJEO  ( 9 8 ) 
 
 B'D  J9BH(:   3HA  #3#D  1(J  #F  J:A1  DCE  0FH(CE,   %FG  GH  'D:AH1  D0FH(  9('/G  'D*'&(JF,   'D1-JE  (GE. 
 
 ANDNEQN'  /N.NDOH'  9NDNI  JOH3OAN  "HNI  %PDNJRGP  #N(NHNJRGP  HNBN'DN  '/R.ODOH'  EP5R1N  %PFR  4N'!N  'DDQNGO  "EPFPJFN  ( 9 9 ) 
 
 H.1,  J9BH(  H#GDG  %DI  " E51"   B'5/JF  JH3A,   ADE'  H5DH'  %DJG  6EQN  JH3A  %DJG  #(HJG,   HB'D  DGE:   '/.DH'  " E51"   (E4J&)  'DDG,   H#F*E  "EFHF  EF  'D,G/  H'DB-7,   HEF  CD  EC1HG. 
 
 ( 1 / 4 8 8 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 HN1NAN9N  #N(NHNJRGP  9NDNI  'DR9N1R4P  HN.N1QOH'  DNGO  3O,QN/'K  HNBN'DN  JN'  #N(N*P  GN0N'  *N#RHPJDO  1O$RJN'J  EPFR  BN(RDO  BN/R  ,N9NDNGN'  1N(QPJ  -NBQ'K  HNBN/R  #N-R3NFN  (PJ  %P0R  #N.R1N,NFPJ  EPFR  'D3QP,RFP  HN,N'!N  (PCOER  EPFR  'DR(N/RHP  EPFR  (N9R/P  #NFR  FN2N:N  'D4QNJR7N'FO  (NJRFPJ  HN(NJRFN  %P.RHN*PJ  %PFQN  1N(QPJ  DN7PJAL  DPEN'  JN4N'!O  %PFQNGO  GOHN  'DR9NDPJEO  'DR-NCPJEO  ( 1 0 0 ) 
 
 H#,RDN3N  #('G  H#EG  9DI  31J1  EDCG  (,'F(G;   %C1'EK'  DGE',   H-JQN'G  #(H'G  H%.H*G  'D#-/  941  ('D3,H/  DG  *-J)  H*C1JEK',   D'  9('/)  H.6H9K',   HC'F  0DC  ,'&2K'  AJ  41J9*GE,   HB/  -N1OE  AJ  41J9*F';   3/K'  D01J9)  'D41C  ('DDG.   HB'D  JH3A  D#(JG:   G0'  'D3,H/  GH  *A3J1  1$J'J  'D*J  B55*G'  9DJC  EF  B(D  AJ  5:1J,   B/  ,9DG'  1(J  5/BK',   HB/  *A6QND  9DJQN  -JF  #.1,FJ  EF  'D3,F,   H,'!  (CE  %DJQN  EF  'D('/J),   EF  (9/  #F  #A3/  'D4J7'F  1'(7)  'D#.H)  (JFJ  H(JF  %.H*J.   %F  1(J  D7JA  'D*/(J1  DE'  J4'!,   %FG  GH  'D9DJE  (E5'D-  9('/G,   'D-CJE  AJ  #BH'DG  H#A9'DG. 
 
 1N(QP  BN/R  "*NJR*NFPJ  EPFR  'DREODRCP  HN9NDQNER*NFPJ  EPFR  *N#RHPJDP  'D#N-N'/PJ+P  AN'7P1N  'D3QNENHN'*P  HN'D#N1R6P  #NFR*N  HNDPJQP  APJ  'D/QOFRJN'  HN'D".P1N)P  *NHNAQNFPJ  EO3RDPE'K  HN#NDR-PBRFPJ  (P'D5QN'DP-PJFN  ( 1 0 1 ) 
 
 +E  /9'  JH3A  1(G  B'&D'  1(QP  B/  #97J*FJ  EF  EDC  " E51" ,   H9DQNE*FJ  EF  *A3J1  'D1$I  H:J1  0DC  EF  'D9DE,   J'  .'DB  'D3EH'*  H'D#16  HE(/9GE',   #F*  E*HDJ  ,EJ9  4#FJ  AJ  'D/FJ'  H'D".1),   *HAFJ  %DJC  E3DEK',   H#D-BFJ  (9('/C  'D5'D-JF  EF  'D#F(J'!  'D#(1'1  H'D#5AJ'!  'D#.J'1. 
 
 0NDPCN  EPFR  #NFR(N'!P  'DR:NJR(P  FOH-PJGP  %PDNJRCN  HNEN'  COF*N  DN/NJRGPER  %P0R  #N,REN9OH'  #NER1NGOER  HNGOER  JNERCO1OHFN  ( 1 0 2 ) 
 
 ( 1 / 4 8 9 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 0DC  'DE0CH1  EF  B5)  JH3A  GH  EF  #.('1  'D:J(  F.(1C  (G  - #JG'  'D13HD-   H-JK',   HE'  CF*  -'61K'  E9  %.H)  JH3A  -JF  /(QN1H'  DG  'D%DB'!  AJ  'D(&1,   H'-*'DH'  9DJG  H9DI  #(JG.   HG0'  J/D  9DI  5/BC,   H#F  'DDG  JOH-PJ  %DJC. 
 
 HNEN'  #NCR+N1O  'DFQN'3P  HNDNHR  -N1N5R*N  (PEO$REPFPJFN  ( 1 0 3 ) 
 
 HE'  #C+1O  'DE41CJF  EF  BHEC  - #JG'  'D13HD-   (E5/QPBJC  HD'  E*(9JC,   HDH  -N1N5R*N  9DI  %JE'FGE,   AD'  *-2F  9DI  0DC. 
 
 HNEN'  *N3R#NDOGOER  9NDNJRGP  EPFR  #N,R1M  %PFR  GOHN  %PD'QN  0PCR1L  DPDR9N'DNEPJFN  ( 1 0 4 ) 
 
 HE'  *7D(  EF  BHEC  #,1)  9DI  %14'/GE  DD%JE'F,   %F  'D0J  #O13D*N  (G  EF  'DB1"F  H'DG/I  98)  DDF'3  #,E9JF  J*0C1HF  (G  HJG*/HF. 
 
 HNCN#NJQPFR  EPFR  "JN)M  APJ  'D3QNENHN'*P  HN'D#N1R6P  JNEO1QOHFN  9NDNJRGN'  HNGOER  9NFRGN'  EO9R1P6OHFN  ( 1 0 5 ) 
 
 HC+J1  EF  'D/D'&D  'D/'D)  9DI  H-/'FJ)  'DDG  HB/1*G  EF*41)  AJ  'D3EH'*  H'D#16,   C'D4E3  H'DBE1  H'D,('D  H'D#4,'1,   J4'G/HFG'  HGE  9FG'  E916HF,   D'  JAC1HF  AJG'  HD'  J9*(1HF. 
 
 HNEN'  JO$REPFO  #NCR+N1OGOER  (P'DDQNGP  %PD'QN  HNGOER  EO4R1PCOHFN  ( 1 0 6 ) 
 
 HE'  JOBP1QO  G$D'!  'DE916HF  9F  "J'*  'DDG  (#F  'DDG  .'DBGE  H1'2BGE  H.'DB  CD  4J!  HE3*-B  DD9('/)  H-/G  %D'  HGE  E41CHF  AJ  9('/*GE  'D#H+'F  H'D#5F'E.   *9'DI  'DDG  9F  0DC  9DHQK'  C(J1'. 
 
 #NAN#NEPFOH'  #NFR  *N#R*PJNGOER  :N'4PJN)L  EPFR  9N0N'(P  'DDQNGP  #NHR  *N#R*PJNGOER  'D3QN'9N)O  (N:R*N)K  HNGOER  D'  JN4R9O1OHFN  ( 1 0 7 ) 
 
 AGD  9F/GE  E'  J,9DGE  "EFJF  #F  JF2D  (GE  90'(  EF  'DDG  J9OEQOGE,   #H  #F  *#*JGE  'DBJ'E)  A,#),   HGE  D'  J491HF  HD'  JO-P3QOHF  (0DC. 
 
 BODR  GN0PGP  3N(PJDPJ  #N/R9OH  %PDNI  'DDQNGP  9NDNI  (N5PJ1N)M  #NFN'  HNENFR  '*QN(N9NFPJ  HN3O(R-N'FN  'DDQNGP  HNEN'  #NFN'  EPFR  'DREO4R1PCPJFN  ( 1 0 8 ) 
 
 ( 1 / 4 9 0 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 BD  DGE  - #JG'  'D13HD- :   G0G  71JB*J,   #/9H  %DI  9('/)  'DDG  H-/G,   9DI  -,)  EF  'DDG  HJBJF,   #F'  HEF  'B*/I  (J,   H#F2QPG  'DDG  3(-'FG  H*9'DI  9F  'D41C'!,   HD3*O  EF  'DE41CJF  E9  'DDG  :J1G. 
 
 HNEN'  #N1R3NDRFN'  EPFR  BN(RDPCN  %PD'QN  1P,N'D'K  FOH-PJ  %PDNJRGPER  EPFR  #NGRDP  'DRBO1NI  #NANDNER  JN3PJ1OH'  APJ  'D#N1R6P  ANJNFR8O1OH'  CNJRAN  CN'FN  9N'BP(N)O  'DQN0PJFN  EPFR  BN(RDPGPER  HNDN/N'1O  'D".P1N)P  .NJR1L  DPDQN0PJFN  '*QNBNHR'  #NAND'  *N9RBPDOHFN  ( 1 0 9 ) 
 
 HE'  #13DF'  EF  B(DC  - #JG'  'D13HD-   DDF'3  %D'  1,'D'  EFGE  FF2D  9DJGE  H-JF',   HGE  EF  #GD  'D-'61),   AGE  #B/1  9DI  AGE  'D/9H)  H'D13'D),   J5/BGE  'DEG*/HF  DD-B,   HJC0(GE  'D6'DHF  9FG,   #ADE  JE4H'  AJ  'D#16,   AJ9'JFH'  CJA  C'F  E"D  'DEC0(JF  'D3'(BJF  HE'  -DQN  (GE  EF  'DGD'C  HDN+H'(  'D/'1  'D".1)  #A6D  EF  'D/FJ'  HE'  AJG'  DD0JF  "EFH'  H.'AH'  1(GE.   #AD'  **AC1HF  A*9*(1H'
 
 -N*QNI  %P0N'  '3R*NJR&N3N  'D1QO3ODO  HN8NFQOH'  #NFQNGOER  BN/R  CO0P(OH'  ,N'!NGOER  FN5R1OFN'  ANFO,QPJN  ENFR  FN4N'!O  HND'  JO1N/QO  (N#R3OFN'  9NFR  'DRBNHREP  'DREO,R1PEPJFN  ( 1 1 0 ) 
 
 HD'  *3*9,D  - #JG'  'D13HD-   'DF51  9DI  EC0(JC,   A%F  'D13D  B(DC  E'  C'F  J#*JGE  'DF51  9',D'  D-CE)  F9DEG',   -*I  %0'  J&3  'D13D  EF  BHEGE,   H#JBFH'  #F  BHEGE  B/  C0(HGE  HD'  #ED  AJ  %JE'FGE,   ,'!GE  F51F'  9F/  4/)  'DC1(,   AFF,J  EF  F4'!  EF  'D13D  H#*('9GE,   HD'  JO1N/QO  90'(F'  9EQNF  #,1E  H*,1QN#  9DI  'DDG.   HAJ  G0'  *3DJ)  DDF(J  5DI  'DDG  9DJG  H3DE. 
 
 DNBN/R  CN'FN  APJ  BN5N5PGPER  9P(R1N)L  D#OHRDPJ  'D#NDR(N'(P  EN'  CN'FN  -N/PJ+'K  JOAR*N1NI  HNDNCPFR  *N5R/PJBN  'DQN0PJ  (NJRFN  JN/NJRGP  HN*NAR5PJDN  CODQP  4NJR!M  HNGO/KI  HN1N-REN)K  DPBNHREM  JO$REPFOHFN  ( 1 1 1 ) 
 
 ( 1 / 4 9 1 ) 
 
 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 DB/  C'F  AJ  F(#  'DE13DJF  'D0J  B55F'G  9DJC  HE'  -DQN  ('DEC0(JF  98)  D#GD  'D9BHD  'D3DJE).   E'  C'F  G0'  'DB1"F  -/J+K'  EC0H(K'  E.*DNBK',   HDCF  #F2DF'G  E5/BK'  DE'  3(BG  EF  'DC*(  'D3E'HJ),   H(J'FK'  DCD  E'  J-*',  %DJG  'D9('/  EF  *-DJD  H*-1JE,   HE-(H(  HEC1HG  H:J1  0DC,   H%14'/K'  EF  'D6D'D,   H1-E)  D#GD  'D%JE'F  *G*/J  (G  BDH(GE,   AJ9EDHF  (E'  AJG  EF  'D#H'E1  H'DFH'GJ. 
 
 